Heating boiler with horizontal circulation produced by upflow pipes



Dec. 13, 1955 B. BETTEGA HEATING BOILER WITH HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION PRODUCED BY UPFLOW PIPES Filed Aug.

INVENTOR. BY @WM 6mm MMX mmXQW ATTR/VEYS /fj /53/,2/ mi ALIM w54 L55 Q4 United States Patent HEATING BOILER WITH HDRIZONTAL CIRCU- LATION PRODUCED BY UPFLOW PIPES Bruno Bettega, Northvale, N. J. v Application August 2, 1954, Serial No. 447,049

7 Claims. (Cl. 122-215) This invention relates to furnaces or boilers and more especially to furnaces or boilers which have a plurality of sections located one above'the other with flue openings through which hot gases pass for supplying heat to water located in the hollow interior of the respective sectionsV of the boiler. The flue openings of the successive sections are ordinarily staggered so that each flue is located directly under a portion of the next section above which contains water.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved boiler for heating water or for boiling Water. The furnace or boiler is intended for supplying heating fluid to a hot water or steam heating system, but can be used for other purposes. Another object of the invention is to provide a boiler which will heat water faster and more eciently than boilers of the prior art.

Another object of the invention is to provide a boiler with improved means for producing circulation of the water in the successive sections of the boiler; and more especially for producing an upward circulation of water from each section to the next successive section above, and eventually to 'a delivery pipe through which the hot water or steam passes from the boiler. In accordance with one feature of the invention, pipes are provided between successive sections in positions to deliver convection currents of hot water to the next section above. These pipes are referred to herein as main upllow pipes and in the preferred construction, the main upilow pipes discharge into larger pipes above them so as to draw additional water into the larger pipes with an aspirator effect.

Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will appear or be pointed out as the description proceeds.

In the drawing, forming a part hereof, in which like reference characters indicate corresponding parts in all the views:

Figure l is a sectional view through a boiler embodying this invention;

`Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of Figure l;

Figures 3 and 4 are top plan views of certain sections of the boiler; and 4 Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 5 5 of Figure 3.

Figure 1 shows a boiler 10 having a flue connection 12. Under the boiler there is a burner 14, which may be an oil or gas burner, or a fire box with grates. The burner 14 is merely representative of means for generating heat by combustion in the lower portion of afurnace.

Above the heating chamber of the furnace, the boiler has a plurality of sections 21, 22, 23 and 24 at successively higher levels and with substantial spacing' between the sections. Each of these boiler sections 21-24 is hollow and contains a chamber for holding water. The water to be heated is introduced into the lower section 21 through a supply pipe 26.

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2,726,644 Patented Dec. 13, 1955 Pice The lower section 21 is connected to the next higher section `22 by a main upflow pipe 28, and also by other pipes 29 which are preferably of larger cross section than the main upow pipe.

The section 22 is connected to the section 23 by a connecting pipe 32 which is of larger cross section than the main upflow pipe 28. 'Ihe connecting pipe 32 is located immediately above the main upflow pipe 23 and in substantial alignment therewith so that a strong current of water passing upwardly through the main upiow pipe 28 is discharged across an unobstructed water chamber of thesection 22 and into the lower end of the connecting pipe 32. Because of the larger cross section of the connecting pipe 32, this current of Water from the main upilow pipe 28 produces an injector or aspirator action which draws water from the chamber of the section 22 into the connecting pipe 32 and causes this water to How upwardly through the connecting pipe 32 into the next section 23 above.

In the preferred construction, the connecting pipe 32v above the main upilow pipe 28 is the only connection between section 22 and the next higher section 23.

However, the invention can be made with a plurality of main upflow pipes 2S between the sections 21 and 22 and in that case there are a plurality of corresponding connecting pipes 32 located above the main upflow pipes 28. These connecting pipes 32 are preferably the only communications between the section 22 and the next higher section 23.

The section 23 corresponds to the section 21 except that it has no water supply pipe 26. It does have another main upflow pipe 38, corresponding to the main upow pipe 28 and it has other pipes 39 connecting to the next higher section 24 of the furnace. These other pipes 39 correspond to the pipes 29 which connect the sections 21 and 22. At the upper end of the section 24 there is another connecting pipe 42 which corresponds to the connecting pipe 32 between the sections 22 and 23.

The main upflow pipe 38 discharges a current of water into the connecting pipe 42 immediately above it for the purpose of drawing water from'the upper section 24 into the connecting pipe 42. In the construction shown, the connecting pipe 42 leads to a heating system or other apparatus to which hot water or steam is to be supplied. In a larger boiler, however, the connecting pipe 42 can lead to a lifth boiler section which corresponds to the sectionV pair communicates with 4the lower section of the next pair.

above through connecting pipes such as the pipes 32 and 42. The height to which the boiler is built depends upon the heating capacity of the burner or re box under the boiler. It also depends upon the kind of fuel used and upon the temperature at which the products of combustion are to be discharged through the Hue connection 12 to a stack.

Figure 2 shows the sections of the boiler and the rela-v tive locations of the flue openings through the different sections of the boiler. Each of the boiler sections has a ange 50 around three sides of the section, the upper end of each flange contacting with the lower end of the flange of thev The fourth, or front, side of each section is covered by a plate in accordance with convennext section above.

tional boiler construction. The lower section 21 has flue openings 51 which* divide the lower section 21 into four; water legs 53 enclosing Ichambers for holding water which,

is to be heated. On the outside surfaces of the water legs` 53 there are preferably ns 54 which increase the surface of metal exposed to the gases passing upwardly through the ue openings 51. All of the water chambers in the legs 53 communicate with a common water chamber in a middle portion 56 of the boiler section 21. There are also end portions of the boilersection 21 in which the water chambers of the different legs 53 communicate, as will be explained in connection with Figures 3 and 4.

The next boiler section 22 has flue openings 61 dividing this boiler section 22 into water legs 63. These water legs 63 are located immediately above the flue openings 51 of the lower section 21 so that hot gases passing upwardly through the flue openings 51 impinge directly against the water legs 63 and the tins 54 which extend from these water legs 63 for the purpose of increasing the surface with which the hot gases come in contact.

The next'boiler section 23, above the section 22, has ue openings 51, corresponding to those of the lower section 21 and therefore indicated by the same reference character. These flue openings 51 divide the boiler section 23 into water legs 53 which correspond to the water legs 53 of the lower section. The inner water legs 53 of the boiler n of the section serve as flue openings for the passage of hot gases upwardly into impingment with the outer water legs 53 of the third boiler section 23. The upper section 24 is similar in construction to section 22 and the liue open- 9 ings and water legs are indicated by the same reference characters as for the section 22.

From an inspection of Figure 2 it will be apparent that the section 21 and the section 23, and corresponding alternate sections of a boiler having more than two pairs of I connected sections, have a greater surface in contact with the hot gases which risc from the heating chamber in the lower part of the furnace. Each of these sections 21, 23 is more highly heated than the next successive section above it because of the fact that the gases from the heating L chamber become progressively cooler as they pass through each line opening. ln the construction shown, therefore, the section having the larger heat absorbing area, and the section which is subject to the hotter gas, discharges water through a main upilow pipe 28 or 3S to the next section above which has less heat absorbing area and which is subject to less intense heat than the section immediately below it.

The construction illustrated has proved extremely fast and eicient in water heating in actual practice. Water at room temperature is raised to 200 in ten minutes with a stack temperature of only 300 F. These figures are given merely by way of illustration.

In the preferred construction of the boiler, the water legs 53 of the sections 21 and 22 which are at, the lower end of the main upow pipes have a slight upward pitch toward the ends of the boiler sections. This is best shown n Figure 1 where it will be noted that the right and left hand ends of the sections 21 and 23 are slightly higher than the middle portions of these boiler sections. However, the sections 22 and 24 have an opposite slope or pitch, that is, these sections are slightly higher at the middle than at the ends. The actual pitch of the water legs of the boiler sections is a pitch of the top walls of the chambers in which the water is contained and the amount of pitch is somewhat exaggerated in Figure l for clearer illustration. In actual practice it has been found sucient to have a pitch of approximately one quarter inch in a length of nine inches. A somewhat steeper pitch can be used if desired.

Figure 3 is a top view of the boiler section 21. The boiler section 23 is similar. At both ends of this boiler section 21 the water legs vS3 open into end portions 66 which are hollow and provide a common communication between all of the water legs 53. In the preferred construction of the invention, all of the pipes connecting the boiler sections are push nipples, though referred to herein by the generic term pipe; and the pipes or nipples 29 press into openings in bosses 68 on the top wall of the end portions 66 at each end of the boiler section 21. There are brackets 70 at opposite ends of the boiler section 21 for receiving tie rods 71 which hold the boiler sections in assembled relation.

Figure 4 is a view corresponding to Figure 3 but showing the second boiler section 22, which is similar in all respects to the boiler section 24. This boiler section 22 has a middle portion '72 with a boss 74 having an opening for receiving the connecting pipe or nipple 32. The section 22 also has end portions 76 with bosses 78 on their bottom walls having openings into which the pipes or push nipples 29 extend.

Figure 5 is a sectional view through the boiler section shown in Figure 3. This view shows clearly the ins 54 and the water chambers in the middle portion 56 and the end portions 66 of the section. There is no corresponding sectional view through the boiler section shown Yin Figure 4 because the view would be similar insofar as the ns and water passages are concerned, these being the features which Figure 5 is intended to illustrate.

The preferred construction of the invention has been illustrated and described, but changes and modifications can be made and some features can be used in different combinations without departing from the invention as dened in the claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A furnace comprising a plurality of sections located one above the other and each of which is hollow for containing water, a main upflow pipe connecting the interior of one section to the interior of the next section above, va second pipe through which the hollow interior of said section above communicates with the hollow interior of a section at a still higher level, said second pipe constituting the only communication between the hollow interiors of the sections it connects, the second pipe being located above the main upflow pipe and in substantial alignment therewith and said second pipe being located across an unobstructed space of the interior of said next section for receiving direct thermal ow of water from the main upflow pipe, and pipes other than the main upflow pipe connecting the interiors of the same sections as are connected by the main upilow pipe, said main upflow pipe being located at regions near the middles of the furnace sections and the pipes other than the upflow pipe through which the interiors of the sections communicate being at a distance from the main upow pipe and on opposite sides thereof and near the ends of the sections.

2. A furnace comprising a plurality of sections located one above the other and each of which has water chambers therein and flue openings located below the water chambers of the next successive section above, a main upflow pipe connecting a Water chamber of a rst section to a corresponding water chamber of a second section immediately above the first section, and a larger pipe having a cross section substantially greater than that of the main upow pipe and located immediately above the main upflow pipe and connecting the second section to a third section located above the second section, the larger pipe constituting the only connection between water chambers of the second and third sections, and conduits other than the main upilow pipe on different sides of the main upflow pipe and near the ends of the sections and connecting the chambers of the first and second sections and through which water is drawn from the first section into the second section by force created in part by the thermal flow 0f water from said main upflow pipe into said second pipe.

3. A furnace comprising a plurality of sections located one above the other and each of which is hollow for holding water and each of which has ue openings thereamen through located under water containing portions of the next section immediately above, vertically extending pipes connecting the successive sections together, said pipes being in substantial alignment with one another and communicating across unobstructed hollow interior portions of the successive sections, alternate pipes being of smaller cross section to supply aspirator thermal conduction currents upwardly from one section to the next, the other alternate pipes being of substantially larger cross section than the aspirator current pipes for receiving the upward streams of heated water discharged from the upper ends of the aspirator current pipes, and other connections between the hollow interiors of sections which are connected by the smaller pipes, the other connections being on different sides of the aspirator current pipes and near the ends of the sections and spaced transversely from the smaller pipes to distribute circulation of the water flowing from one section to the next section above.

4. A furnace comprising a plurality of sections located one above the other, a main uptlow pipe connecting a water chamber of one section to a water chamber of the next section above, and a second and larger pipe extending upwardly from the water chamber of said next section above in substantial alignment with said main upow pipe for receiving a current of water owing upwardly from said main upflow pipe, the transverse cross section of the second pipe being substantially greater than that of the main upflow pipe, and means on different sides of the main upllow pipe and near the ends of the sections and through which the chambers of the sections connected by the main uptlow pipe communicate with one another at a distance spaced transversely from the main upow pipe and through which water is drawn upwardly by force created in part by the thermal flow of water from said main upow pipe into said second pipe.

5. The furnace described in claim 4 and in which the larger pipe leads upwardly to a third section of the furnace and there is another main upilow pipe located immediately above the second pipe and directly across a water chamber of the third section, and a fourth section above the third section and to which water is supplied through the second main upilow pipe to a water charnber of the fourth section having another larger pipe 1ocated immediately above the second main upllow pipe for receiving a stream of water which discharges upwardly through the second main upflow pipe, and there are means on different sides of the main upllow pipe and near the ends of the sections and through which the chambers in the third and fourth sections communicate with one another at a distance from the main upow pipe that connects them.

6. The furnace described in claim 4 and in which the larger pipe leads upwardly to a third section of the furnace and there is a second main upflow pipe leading from the third section of the furnace to a fourth section located at a higher level, and there is another larger pipe located immediately above the second main upllow pipe and leading upwardly from the top of the fourth section for the ow of water from the second main upow pipe and the fourth section in an upward stream, the furnace sections at the lower ends of the main upilow pipes having a slight upward pitch to their water chambers in directions away from the main upilow pipes, and the furnace sections at the upper ends of the main upow pipes and at the lower ends of the larger pipes having a slight upward pitch to their water chambers in a direction toward the main upow pipes and larger pipes, and there are means on different sides of the main upflow pipe and near the ends of the sections and through which the chambers in the third and fourth sections communicate with one another at a distance from the main upflow pipe that connects them.

7. A furnace comprising a plurality of sections located one above the other, a main upilow pipe connecting a water chamber of one section to a water chamber of the next section above, and a second and larger pipe extending upwardly from the water chamber of said next section above in substantial alignment with said main upflow pipe for receiving a current of water owing upwardly from said main upllow pipe, the transverse cross section of the second pipe being substantially greater than that of the main upflow pipe, means through which the chambers of the sections connected by the main upilow pipe communicate with one another at a distance spaced transversely from the main upow pipe and through which water is drawn upwardly by force created in part by the thermal flow of water from said main upow pipe into said second pipe, the main upow pipe which connects the furnace` sections being located at regions near the middles of the furnace sections, and the means through which the chambers communicate at a distance from the main upow pipe comprising other pipes connecting the furnace sections together at both sides of the main upflow pipe and near opposite ends of said sections so that an aspirator current discharging from the main upflow pipe into the larger pipe above can draw water upwardly from the lower section to the upper section and horizontally in the sections.

References Cited inthe tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 177,635 Hard May 23, 1876 425,766 Emery Apr. 1S, 1890 1,781,915 Cross Nov. 18, 1930 2,247,796 Ackerman July 1, 1941 2,306,966 Leo Dec. 29, 1942 2,511,683 Alexander June 13, 1950 

